Chemical Characterization, Antibacterial, Antifungal, Antioxidant and Oxidant Activities of Wild Mushrooms Rhizopogon luteolus and Rhizopogon roseolus

Abstract

Mushrooms are natural materials with nutritious, poisonous, hallucinogenic and medicinal properties. Wild mushrooms are known to have many medicinal properties. In this study, antioxidant, oxidant and antimicrobial potentials, phenolic and element contents of wild mushrooms Rhizopogon roseolus (Corda) Th. Fr. and R. luteolus Fr. were determined. Antioxidant (TAS) and oxidant status (TOS) were determined using Rel Assay Diagnostics kits. Antimicrobial activities were measured against bacterial and fungal strains using the agar dilution method. Element contents (Cr, Cu, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cd, Pb and Zn) were measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Phenolic contents were screened using LC-MS/MS device. As a result of the study, TAS values of R. luteolus and R. roseolus were determined as 2.327 +/- 0.132 and 3.260 +/- 0.119, TOS values was 27.057 +/- 1.128 and 19.850 +/- 0.433, and OSI values was 1.163 +/- 0.116 and 0.611 +/- 0.032, respectively. It was determined that the extracts of mushrooms were effective against standard bacterial and fungal strains at 25-400 mu g/mL concentrations. Fe, Cu, Pb, Ni, Mn, Co and Cr levels were found to be higher in R. roseolus. Zn and Cd levels were higher in R. luteolus. As a result of the analysis, acetohydroxamic acid, fumaric acid, salicylic acid and luteolin were determined in both mushroom species. Phloridzindyhrate was determined only in R. roseolus. Ellagic acid and Curcumin were also found in R. luteolus. As a result, it was determined that R. luteolus and R. roseolus could be a natural source for the determined compounds. It has also been found that mushrooms have antioxidant potentials.