Karakurt Baraji Rezervuar Alanindaki Erken Hristiyanlik Dönemi Kaya Oygu Yerleşimlerinin Restorasyon ve Konservasyon Önerileri (Kars, Türkiye)

Abstract

There are four Early Christian rock-cut settlements located in different areas affected by the Karakurt Dam reservoir. It has been determined that these Early Christian Period rock-cut settlements and religious structures have been exposed to tidal effects and wave movements following the filling of the dam reservoir. Archaeological studies have revealed that during the summer months, when the water level of the reservoir decreases, some rock-cut settlements emerging from the water exhibit collapses and surface erosion on the rock face. Three distinct restoration and conservation proposals have been suggested: 1. Coating the entire surface with diluted ethyl silicate to reduce contact with water. 2. Covering all rock surfaces with geomembranes to completely block water interaction. 3. Protecting the rock masses from water effects using rock bolts, wire mesh, and shotcrete. Each of these proposals has its advantages and disadvantages. However, regardless of the chosen method, conservation efforts must commence urgently to prevent the irreversible loss of our cultural heritage.